Echis pyramidum, also known as the Egyptian saw-scaled viper, is a species of venomous snake found across North Africa and parts of the Middle East. This snake belongs to the Viperinae subfamily and is classified as a least concern species by the IUCN. Its common names include the pyramid viper and saw-scaled viper, derived from the distinctive scale pattern on its body. This species is native to various countries in the region, including Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Libya, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, and Uganda. The Egyptian saw-scaled viper typically inhabits desert and rocky areas, as well as coastal habitats, and is often found near human settlements. They are small to medium in size, growing up to 1 meter in length. They have a stocky body, a short tail, and a broad, flat head. The coloration is highly variable, ranging from pale yellow to reddish-brown or gray, with distinctive black markings. The Egyptian saw-scaled viper is known for its potent venom, which can cause severe local necrosis and even limb loss in humans. They are aggressive and will actively defend themselves when threatened, making them a significant medical concern in the region. This species has adaptations for both hot and cold deserts, allowing them to survive in extreme temperatures. Their diet consists of small mammals, lizards, and birds, which they capture using a passive hunting strategy. In conclusion, the Egyptian saw-scaled viper (Echis pyramidum) is a fascinating yet dangerous species of viper found across North Africa and the Middle East. Its distinctive appearance and potent venom make it a notable species for the region. Researchers and locals alike must respect their presence in the ecosystem while being cautious of their potential for harm. As a least concern species, they are not currently endangered, but their population and habitat range deserve careful monitoring.
